Last week, while creating a small Rails app for myself, I had to import data from an XML file. I wanted to add a command line task for it. I could’ve used rake for this, but I needed to input the path to the file through a command line parameter, and rake isn’t ideal for that. Fortunately, there’s another tool that’s better suited for this task: Thor.
Thor, created by the Rails team, is a tool designed to assist in building command line utilities. Rails itself uses Thor for its command line commands.

If you want to add a custom task to your Rails app with Thor, you can create a file in lib/tasks with the .thor extension.
Let’s see an example:

# lib/tasks/import.thor
require_relative "../../config/environment"

class Import < Thor

  desc "import_from_the_dump_file PATH_TO_FILE", "Import records from dump"
  def import_from_the_dump_file(path_to_file)
    # parse the file and import the records
  end

end

In this file, we start by requiring the Rails app to access models and whatever else we need. Next, we subclass Thor, and each method we define in this class becomes a task. For documentation, we use the desc method. It accepts the method name and potential parameters as the first parameter and the description as the second one.
When we call thor -T, we will see that description:

$ thor -T
import
------
thor import:import_from_the_dump_file PATH_TO_FILE  # Import records from dump

If a method expects a parameter, we can just simply pass that in from the command line:

$ thor import:import_from_the_dump_file ~/Downloads/export.dump

These are the absolute basics of Thor. But it is a very powerful tool with support for asking user input, adding options to tasks, etc.
I will write a long-form article to cover those too.